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Shannon-Wienner-Index-Analysis-for-Mackinnon-Bird-Method: Shannon_Wienner.ipynb

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Perhitungan Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) Berbasis Metode Daftar Jenis Mackinnon Menggunakan Program R

Praktik menggunakan library vegan

Oleh : Defani Arman Alfitriansyan

Pengertian

Indeks Shannon-Wiener (H′H') digunakan untuk mengukur keanekaragaman hayati suatu komunitas.
Indeks ini mempertimbangkan jumlah jenis (richness) dan proporsi relatif tiap jenis (evenness).
Semakin tinggi nilai H′H', semakin beragam komunitas tersebut.


Rumus

H′=−∑i=1Spiln⁡(pi)H' = - \sum_{i=1}^{S} p_i \ln(p_i)

Keterangan:

  • H′H' = Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener

  • SS = Jumlah total jenis (species richness)

  • pip_i = Proporsi individu jenis ke-i terhadap total individu

  • ln⁡\ln = Logaritma natural (basis e)


Interpretasi Umum Nilai H′H'

Nilai H′H'Kriteria Keanekaragaman
< 1.0Rendah (komunitas didominasi sedikit jenis)
1.0 – 3.0Sedang (keanekaragaman cukup stabil)
> 3.0Tinggi (komunitas beragam dan seimbang)

1. Import dan install Library

Installing package into ‘/usr/local/lib/R/site-library’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)


==============================
Daftar: Daftar_1 
==============================
# A tibble: 10 × 4
   Lokasi       Daftar Nama_Ilmiah            Jumlah
   <chr>         <dbl> <chr>                   <dbl>
 1 Leuwung Gede      1 Copsychus saularis         11
 2 Leuwung Gede      1 Acridotheres javanicus      3
 3 Leuwung Gede      1 Nisaetus bartelsii          3
 4 Leuwung Gede      1 Acridotheres javanicus      7
 5 Leuwung Gede      1 Orthotomus sutorius        12
 6 Leuwung Gede      1 Copsychus saularis         10
 7 Leuwung Gede      1 Egretta garzetta            2
 8 Leuwung Gede      1 Pycnonotus aurigaster       9
 9 Leuwung Gede      1 Collocalia esculenta        6
10 Leuwung Gede      1 Gallus gallus               4

==============================
Daftar: Daftar_2 
… (151 baris lagi)
# A tibble: 15 × 2
   Nama_Ilmiah              Jumlah
   <chr>                     <dbl>
 1 Copsychus saularis          126
 2 Acridotheres javanicus       99
 3 Orthotomus sutorius          92
 4 Collocalia esculenta         82
 5 Egretta garzetta             81
 6 Pycnonotus aurigaster        65
 7 Nisaetus bartelsii           38
 8 Gallus gallus                36
 9 Halcyon chloris              23
10 Lonchura leucogastroides     13
11 Dicrurus macrocercus         12
12 Gallus varius                10
13 Otus sp                       5
14 Collocalia vulcannorum        1
15 Lonchura maja                 1
# A tibble: 10 × 2
   Daftar Jumlah_Jenis
    <dbl>        <int>
 1      1            8
 2      2            8
 3      3            7
 4      4            8
 5      5            8
 6      6            8
 7      7            8
 8      8            8
 9      9            8
10     10            8
# A tibble: 10 × 3
   Daftar Jumlah_Jenis Kumulatif_Jenis
    <dbl>        <int>           <int>
 1      1            8               8
 2      2            8              16
 3      3            7              23
 4      4            8              31
 5      5            8              39
 6      6            8              47
 7      7            8              55
 8      8            8              63
 9      9            8              71
10     10            8              79
plot without title

Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H') = 2.284512 
Kategori Keanekaragaman: Sedang 

Referensi

  1. Krebs, C. J. (1999). Ecological Methodology (2nd ed.). Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings.

  2. Magurran, A. E. (2004). Measuring Biological Diversity. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.

  3. Odum, E. P., & Barrett, G. W. (2005). Fundamentals of Ecology (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Brooks/Cole.

  4. Oksanen, F.J., et al. (2017) Vegan: Community Ecology Package. R package Version 2.4-3. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan

  5. Shannon, C. E., & Weaver, W. (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

  6. Whittaker, R. H. (1972). Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon, 21(2–3), 213–251. Whittaker (1972)

References
  1. Whittaker, R. H. (1972). EVOLUTION AND MEASUREMENT OF SPECIES DIVERSITY. TAXON, 21(2–3), 213–251. 10.2307/1218190